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Examoogle • User • info@examoogle.com • EE-2024-8821
Chapter 1 of 12 • Page 1 of 248🔒 Protected PDF • Watermarked
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Intensity of rainfall is measured by
Continuously recording gauge
Anemometer
Hydrometer
Seismometer
Continuously recording gauge
Rainfall intensity is defined as the depth of rainfall per unit time (mm/hr). To obtain this rate, a continuously recording gauge (also known as a recording rain gauge or self-recording gauge) is required to plot a mass curve of rainfall versus time, allowing the slope to represent the intensity.
Rainfall intensity is defined as the depth of rainfall per unit time (mm/hr). To obtain this rate, a continuously recording gauge (also known as a recording rain gauge or self-recording gauge) is required to plot a mass curve of rainfall versus time, allowing the slope to represent the intensity.
I=ΔtΔP — Definition of rainfall intensity where ΔP is depth in mm and Δt is time in hours.
Recording gauges like the Tipping Bucket or Weighing Bucket type work by tracking the cumulative rainfall volume over a temporal axis. The Tipping Bucket uses a balance mechanism that tips after a specific volume is collected, creating an electrical pulse. By calculating the change in volume (DeltaV) over the change in time (Deltat), the intensity I is derived.
Intensity is the rate of rainfall (e.g., cm/hr or mm/hr).
Non-recording gauges (Standard gauges) can only provide total rainfall depth over a period, not intensity.
Recording gauges provide the hyetograph or mass curve of rainfall.
Provides continuous data for hydrograph analysis.
Eliminates manual reading errors during storm events.
Higher initial cost compared to standard gauges.
Requires regular maintenance of mechanical or electronic parts.
Urban drainage system design
Flood forecasting
Hydrological modeling
Types of recording gauges include Tipping Bucket, Weighing Bucket, and Natural Syphon gauge.
Option B (Anemometer) measures wind speed; Option C (Hydrometer) measures specific gravity of liquids; Option D (Seismometer) measures seismic activity.
A is correct — A continuously recording gauge records the mass curve of rainfall, which allows for the determination of the intensity at any given time interval.
Remember that Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) curves are fundamental in hydrology; these rely exclusively on the data provided by continuously recording gauges.