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Chapter 1 of 12 тАв Page 1 of 248ЁЯФТ Protected PDF тАв Watermarked
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Rate of evaporation is
directly proportional to temperature of liquid
inversely proportional to temperature of liquid
independent of temperature of liquid
directly proportional to humidity of surrounding air
directly proportional to temperature of liquid
Evaporation is the phase transition of liquid water into vapor occurring at the surface. Since higher temperatures provide more thermal energy to water molecules, the rate at which they overcome intermolecular forces to enter the gaseous phase increases, making the rate of evaporation directly proportional to the liquid's temperature.
Evaporation is the phase transition of liquid water into vapor occurring at the surface. Since higher temperatures provide more thermal energy to water molecules, the rate at which they overcome intermolecular forces to enter the gaseous phase increases, making the rate of evaporation directly proportional to the liquid's temperature.
E=K(esтАЛтИТeaтАЛ)f(u) тАФ Dalton's Law of evaporation where E is proportional to vapor pressure difference and temperature
EтИЭT тАФ Direct proportionality relationship between evaporation and temperature
According to the kinetic theory of gases, the average kinetic energy of molecules in a liquid is proportional to its absolute temperature. When the temperature rises, a greater fraction of surface molecules possess enough kinetic energy to break free from the attractive forces of the bulk liquid, thereby increasing the evaporation rate (EтИЭT).
Evaporation is an endothermic process requiring latent heat of vaporization.
Higher temperature increases the vapor pressure gradient at the surface.
Humidity is inversely proportional to the rate of evaporation (higher humidity reduces the saturation deficit).
Wind speed also facilitates evaporation by removing moist air from the surface.
Essential for the global hydrologic cycle.
Used in industrial cooling systems and drying processes.
Leads to loss of water from reservoirs and irrigation systems.
Increases salinity in closed water bodies.
Hydrological modeling of catchment areas.
Design of cooling ponds in power plants.
Agricultural irrigation scheduling.
Dalton's Law states that evaporation is proportional to the difference between saturation vapor pressure at water temperature and the actual vapor pressure of the air.
Option D is incorrect because humidity is inversely proportional to evaporation; high humidity limits the air's capacity to hold more moisture.
A is correct тАФ The rate of evaporation increases as the liquid temperature increases because more molecules gain sufficient kinetic energy to overcome surface tension.
Always remember that evaporation is a cooling process; since it absorbs heat, higher external temperatures act as the energy source driving the phase change.