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Which of the following household items does NOT use the heating effect of current?
Electric stove (heater)
Electric water heater
Electric iron box
Electric motor
Electric motor
An electric motor does NOT use the heating effect of electric current. Instead, it converts electrical energy into mechanical energy using the magnetic effect of electric current.
An electric motor does NOT use the heating effect of electric current. Instead, it converts electrical energy into mechanical energy using the magnetic effect of electric current.
A ceiling fan spins using an electric motor (magnetic effect), whereas a room heater gets piping hot (heating effect).
H=I2Rt тАФ Joule's law of heating
P=V├ЧI тАФ Electric power
F=I(l├ЧB) тАФ Magnetic force on current-carrying conductor
When an electric current flows through a conductor placed in a magnetic field, it experiences a magnetic force (Lorentz force) which causes the armature to rotate. This demonstrates the motor principle based on electromagnetism, unlike devices like irons, water heaters, and electric stoves which rely on Joule heating (H=I2Rt).
Joule heating depends on current, resistance, and time (H=I2Rt).
Electric stoves, irons, and water heaters use high-resistance nichrome heating elements.
Electric motors work on the principle of Fleming's Left Hand Rule and electromagnetism.
Other devices utilizing the magnetic effect include electric bells, relays, and loudspeakers.
Electric iron for pressing clothes
Electric water heater for hot water
Electric motor for fans, pumps, and washing machines
Nicrome wire is used in heating appliances because it has high resistivity and does not oxidize easily at high temperatures.
Option D (Electric motor) converts electrical energy into mechanical work through magnetic torque.
D is correct тАФ Electric motor works on the magnetic effect of electric current, whereas stoves, water heaters, and iron boxes use the heating effect of electric current.
Always differentiate between thermal effects (Joule heating via resistance R) and electromagnetic effects (Lorentz force via magnetic fields B) in electrical device questions.
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