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Identify the correct match of plant hormones with their functions.
Gibberellins: Help in the growth of the stem Cytokinins: Promote cell division Abscisic acid: Inhibits growth
Gibberellins: Help in the growth of the stem Cytokinins: Inhibits growth Abscisic acid: Promote cell division
Gibberellins: Promote cell division Cytokinins: Help in the growth of the stem Abscisic acid: Inhibits growth
Gibberellins: Inhibits growth Cytokinins: Promote cell division Abscisic acid: Help in the growth of the stem
Gibberellins: Help in the growth of the stem Cytokinins: Promote cell division Abscisic acid: Inhibits growth
Plant hormones (phytohormones) are chemical messengers that regulate plant growth, development, and responses to environmental stimuli. Gibberellins promote stem elongation and internode growth, cytokinins stimulate cell division (cytokinesis), and abscisic acid (ABA) primarily acts as a general growth inhibitor and stress hormone.
Plant hormones (phytohormones) are chemical messengers that regulate plant growth, development, and responses to environmental stimuli. Gibberellins promote stem elongation and internode growth, cytokinins stimulate cell division (cytokinesis), and abscisic acid (ABA) primarily acts as a general growth inhibitor and stress hormone.
Think of plant hormones like the gas pedal, clutch, and brakes in a car: gibberellins and cytokinins act as the gas pedal speeding up growth and cell division, while abscisic acid acts as the brakes slowing things down during stress or winter.
Remember 'ABA = Away' (abscisic acid makes leaves fall away / inhibits growth), 'Gibberellic = Giant' (promotes stem height), and 'Cytokinin = Cytokinesis' (cell division).
Gibberellins\rightarrow Stem┬аElongation
Cytokinins\rightarrow Cell┬аDivision┬а(Cytokinesis)
Abscisic┬аAcid\rightarrow Growth┬аInhibition┬а/┬аStress┬аTolerance
Gibberellins stimulate cell elongation and division in the stem, leading to dramatic stem elongation and bolting in rosette plants. Cytokinins interact with auxins to promote cell division, shoot initiation, and delay leaf senescence (aging). Abscisic acid (ABA) antagonizes growth-promoting hormones by inhibiting seed germination, promoting dormancy, and inducing stomatal closure under water stress.
Gibberellins promote internodal elongation and seed germination.
Cytokinins are synthesized in root tips and promote cell division and lateral bud growth.
Abscisic acid (ABA) is known as the stress hormone as it induces stomatal closure during water stress.
Auxins, gibberellins, and cytokinins are generally growth promoters, whereas abscisic acid is a growth inhibitor.
Phytohormones allow precise internal regulation of plant development and environmental adaptation.
Agricultural use of gibberellins to increase fruit size (e.g., grapes)
Use of synthetic cytokinins in tissue culture for shoot multiplication
Application of ABA analogues in drought management
Options B, C, and D incorrectly match the functions, interchanging or reversing the roles of cytokinins and abscisic acid.
A is correct тАФ Gibberellins help in the growth of the stem, cytokinins promote cell division, and abscisic acid inhibits growth.
Always distinguish between growth-promoting hormones (auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins) and growth-inhibiting hormones (abscisic acid, ethylene).
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