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Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts and decide which conclusion(s) logically follow(s) from the given statements. Statements: Some microphones are speakers. No speaker is a piano. Conclusions: (I) No microphone is a piano. (II) Some speakers are microphones.
Neither conclusion (I) nor (II) follows
Only conclusion (I) follows
Both conclusions (I) and (II) follow
Only conclusion (II) follows
Only conclusion (II) follows
Analyze the given statements using standard syllogism rules. Check direct intersections and negative implications without assuming unsupported connections.
Analyze the given statements using standard syllogism rules. Check direct intersections and negative implications without assuming unsupported connections.
Analyze Statement 1
Some microphones are speakers (I type). This implies its converse: Some speakers are microphones, which directly validates Conclusion II.
Analyze Statement 2
No speaker is a piano (E type). Combined with Statement 1, we know that the portion of microphones that are speakers cannot be pianos. However, the remaining portion of microphones has no definite restriction regarding piano.
Evaluate Conclusions
Conclusion I states 'No microphone is a piano', which is a definite negative claim not strictly derived because some microphones might be pianos. Conclusion II ('Some speakers are microphones') directly follows from Statement 1.
A: Neither conclusion (I) nor (II) follows is incorrect because Conclusion II clearly follows. B: Only conclusion (I) follows is incorrect as Conclusion I is not definite. C: Both conclusions follow is incorrect because Conclusion I does not follow.
D is correct because Conclusion II directly follows from the converse of Statement 1, whereas Conclusion I is not definitively established.
Always test the converse of 'Some A are B' (which is 'Some B are A') immediately when evaluating syllogism statements.
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