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The sum of a two-digit number and the number obtained by reversing the digits is 99. If the digits of the number differ by 5, then the two-digit number can be:
27
83
16
18
27
For any two-digit number where the sum of the number and its reverse is 99, the sum of its digits must be 11 (x+y=11). Combined with the difference xтИТy=5, solving the simultaneous linear equations gives x=8 and y=3, leading to the number 83 (or 38).
Sum of a two-digit number and its reverse is 99, Difference between digits is 5
(10x+y)+(10y+x)=99
For any two-digit number where the sum of the number and its reverse is 99, the sum of its digits must be 11 (x+y=11). Combined with the difference xтИТy=5, solving the simultaneous linear equations gives x=8 and y=3, leading to the number 83 (or 38).
Confusing the order of digits or forgetting that the digits can be reversed, meaning both 83 and 38 satisfy the sum condition, but only 83 has the digits differing by 5 in the options.
Step 1: Set up algebraic representation
Let the two-digit number be represented as 10x+y, where x is the tens digit and y is the units digit. The reversed number is 10y+x.
10x+y
Step 2: Apply sum condition
The sum of the number and its reverse is given as 99. Adding them gives 11(x+y)=99, which simplifies to x+y=11.
x+y=11
Step 3: Apply difference condition
The difference between the digits is given as 5, so we have xтИТy=5.
xтИТy=5
Step 4: Solve the system of linear equations
Adding both equations: (x+y)+(xтИТy)=11+5тЯ╣2x=16тЯ╣x=8. Substituting x=8 gives y=3.
x=8,y=3
Step 5: Form the final number
With x=8 and y=3, the two-digit number is 10(8)+3=83.
83
B is correct because solving the equations x+y=11 and xтИТy=5 yields the digits 8 and 3, forming the number 83.
For any two-digit number, the sum of the number and its reverse is always a multiple of 11, equal to 11(x+y), and their difference is always a multiple of 9, equal to 9(xтИТy).