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In this question, a statement is followed by two courses of action, numbered I and II. You must assume everything in the statement to be true and on the basis of the information given in the statement, decide which of the courses of action logically follow(s) for pursuing.
Statement:
The river running through Town A is heavily polluted, affecting aquatic life and posing risks to public health due to industrial waste disposal and untreated sewage.
Courses of Action:
I. Invest in building advanced wastewater treatment plants to treat industrial effluents and sewage before releasing them into the river.
II. Launch a community-led initiative to organise regular river clean up drives involving volunteers from Town A.
Only II follows.
Both I and II follow.
Neither I nor II follows.
Only I follows.
Both I and II follow.
In 'Course of Action' problems, identify the root cause: here it is 'industrial waste' and 'untreated sewage'. A practical solution must directly address these sources (Treatment Plants) and involve awareness (Community Drives).
In 'Course of Action' problems, identify the root cause: here it is 'industrial waste' and 'untreated sewage'. A practical solution must directly address these sources (Treatment Plants) and involve awareness (Community Drives).
Analyze the Problem
The river is polluted by two specific sources: industrial waste and untreated sewage. Any effective strategy must address these specific points.
Evaluate Course I
Building wastewater treatment plants is a direct, long-term technical solution that neutralizes the pollutants at the source before they enter the water body.
Evaluate Course II
Community clean-up drives are a proactive, immediate measure to remove existing waste and raise public awareness, which supports long-term recovery.
Synthesize
Since both measures address different facets of the problem (prevention of future pollution and mitigation of current damage), both are logical steps.
A: Incorrect because it excludes the beneficial community initiative. C: Incorrect because it denies the effectiveness of building treatment plants. D: Incorrect because both are valid, pragmatic administrative steps to resolve the stated health and environmental crisis.
B is correct because both courses of action provide essential, complementary solutions to the dual problem of industrial/sewage contamination (prevention) and existing pollution (remediation).
In 'Course of Action' questions, check if both actions are 'practicable' and 'directly address' the problem. If both work in tandem without conflict, 'Both follow' is frequently the correct answer.
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