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Given below is a cause followed by possible effects numbered I, II and III. Read the cause carefully and decide which of the three can be a/the possible effect(s). Cause: Heavy rains and flash floods have inundated many low lying areas of City X. Effects: (I) The State Government has appointed a new head for the municipality of City X. (II) The State Government has evacuated over 5500 people stranded in low lying areas of City X. (III) Food and water is being distributed at multiple locations to help citizens who have been evacuated from City X.
Both I and II can be the possible effects
Both II and III can be the possible effects
Only II can be a possible effect
Only I can be a possible effect
Both II and III can be the possible effects
Identify logical consequences that directly address the emergency situation caused by the event; administrative changes are usually unrelated to immediate disaster management.
Identify logical consequences that directly address the emergency situation caused by the event; administrative changes are usually unrelated to immediate disaster management.
Analyze the Cause
The cause is an emergency situation (heavy rains and flash floods) resulting in immediate danger and displacement of citizens in City X.
Evaluate Effects II and III
Effect II (evacuation of stranded people) and Effect III (provision of food and water to those evacuated) are both direct, logical emergency response actions taken by authorities to mitigate the impact of the described disaster.
Evaluate Effect I
Effect I (appointing a new municipality head) is an administrative action that does not have a direct, immediate causal link to the emergency relief operations required for flash floods.
A: Incorrect because it includes I, which is an administrative decision, not a direct emergency effect. C: Incorrect because it excludes the vital relief operation (III). D: Incorrect because it excludes the essential relief operation (III).
B is correct because both II and III are direct, necessary relief and rescue operations resulting from the emergency situation described in the cause, while I is an unrelated administrative event.
In cause-effect questions, always distinguish between immediate operational consequences (relief, rescue, repair) and secondary administrative or policy changes which are typically not considered direct effects of a single event.
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