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Which of the following cells have dendrites and axons?
White blood cells
Fibres
Nerve cells
Red blood cells
Nerve cells
Nerve cells, also known as neurons, are specialized cells responsible for transmitting electrical and chemical signals throughout the body. They uniquely possess dendrites, which receive signals, and an axon, which transmits signals to other cells.
Nerve cells, also known as neurons, are specialized cells responsible for transmitting electrical and chemical signals throughout the body. They uniquely possess dendrites, which receive signals, and an axon, which transmits signals to other cells.
Think of a neuron like a tree: the dendrites are the many branches catching 'information rain', and the axon is the long trunk carrying the 'water' down to the roots to reach another location.
DAD: Dendrites Accept, Dendrites (send to) Axon (which) Delivers.
VmтАЛ=VinтАЛтИТVoutтАЛ тАФ Membrane potential difference in Volts (V)
I=RVтАЛ тАФ Ohm's law applied to ion channels in the membrane
The neuron functions by receiving electrochemical inputs at the dendrites. These signals are integrated at the cell body (soma) and, if they reach a certain threshold, trigger an action potential that travels down the axon. The signal is then transmitted to the next cell across a synapse through neurotransmitter release.
Dendrites are branching extensions that increase the surface area to receive synaptic inputs.
The axon is a long, slender projection that conducts electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body.
Neurons are the structural and functional units of the nervous system.
Red and white blood cells lack axons and dendrites, as they are specialized for transport and immunity, respectively.
Efficient long-distance communication within the organism.
Rapid signal processing via electrical conduction.
Highly complex structures that are difficult to regenerate once severely damaged.
Brain function and cognitive processing.
Reflex actions and motor control.
Neurons can be as long as one meter (e.g., motor neurons from the spinal cord to the foot).
Option A (White blood cells) are immune cells. Option B (Fibres) generally refers to structural proteins like collagen. Option D (Red blood cells) are specialized for oxygen transport and lack a nucleus and most organelles in mammals.
C is correct тАФ Nerve cells are the specific cell type that possesses dendrites and an axon for signal transmission.
In exams, remember that structure always dictates function in biology; since neurons must transmit signals over long distances, they evolved the unique axon-dendrite morphology.
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