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Based on the English alphabetical order, three of the following four letter-cluster pairs are alike in a certain way and thus form a group. Which pair does not belong to that group? (Note: The odd one out is not based on the number of consonants/vowels or their position in the letter-cluster.)
ZG - HQ
TA - BK
BI - JS
SW - FM
SW - FM
Look at the positional difference between the two letters in each pair; three pairs will share the same numerical difference (or relationship), while the outlier will not.
Look at the positional difference between the two letters in each pair; three pairs will share the same numerical difference (or relationship), while the outlier will not.
Analyze Letter Position Differences
Convert letters to their numerical positions (A=1, B=2, ..., Z=26) and find the difference between letters in each pair: (A) Z(26) to G(7) is -19, H(8) to Q(17) is +9. (B) T(20) to A(1) is +7 (or -19), B(2) to K(11) is +9. (C) B(2) to I(9) is +7, J(10) to S(19) is +9. (D) S(19) to W(23) is +4, F(6) to M(13) is +7.
Identify the Consistent Pattern
In pairs (A), (B), and (C), the second letter of the pair is 9 positions ahead of the first (if we look at the internal step from 2nd to 4th letter or similar). Specifically, checking the jump from the first letter of the pair to the second: (B) T+7=A, B+9=K. (C) B+7=I, J+9=S. (A) Z+7=G, H+9=Q. This shows a consistent +7 and +9 pattern. In (D) SW-FM, S to W is +4 and F to M is +7, which breaks the +7, +9 pattern.
A, B, and C follow the consistent pattern of +7 and +9 positional shifts between the paired letters, whereas D follows a +4 and +7 shift pattern.
D is correct because the letter-cluster pair SW-FM does not follow the +7, +9 progression pattern observed in the other three pairs.
When faced with letter-cluster analogies, always write the numerical rank of letters immediately. Most patterns are hidden in the simple addition or subtraction between corresponding positions.
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