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When sodium hydroxide reacts with water, which of the following products is/are formed?
Only Na+(aq) ions
Both Na+(aq) and Cl2тАЛ
Only OHтИТ(aq) ions
Both Na+(aq) and OHтИТ(aq) ions
Both Na+(aq) and OHтИТ(aq) ions
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a strong base that completely dissociates into its constituent ions when dissolved in water. The process of dissolution leads to the formation of aqueous sodium ions (Na+) and aqueous hydroxide ions (OHтИТ).
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a strong base that completely dissociates into its constituent ions when dissolved in water. The process of dissolution leads to the formation of aqueous sodium ions (Na+) and aqueous hydroxide ions (OHтИТ).
Think of it like a crowd of people holding hands (the solid crystal); when they walk into a busy park (water), they let go of each other's hands and move around freely as individuals.
NaOH(s)тЖТNa+(aq)+OHтИТ(aq) тАФ The dissociation equation of sodium hydroxide in water.
When solid NaOH is placed in water, the polar water molecules surround the crystal lattice of the ionic solid. The electrostatic attraction between the water dipoles and the Na+ and OHтИТ ions overcomes the lattice energy, causing the compound to dissociate according to the following equation: NaOH(s)H2тАЛOтАЛNa+(aq)+OHтИТ(aq).
Sodium hydroxide is a strong electrolyte.
The presence of OHтИТ ions makes the resulting solution alkaline (basic).
The dissolution of sodium hydroxide in water is highly exothermic.
Efficient source of hydroxide ions for chemical reactions.
Highly caustic and can cause severe skin burns.
Used in the manufacture of soaps and detergents.
Used in the chemical industry for neutralization processes.
Option A is incorrect because Na+ is not the only product; the hydroxide ion is also released.
Option B is incorrect because chlorine gas is not formed in simple dissolution; it is produced during the electrolysis of brine (chlor-alkali process).
Option C is incorrect because Na+ ions are also formed as the counter-ion to the hydroxide.
D is correct тАФ Sodium hydroxide is an ionic compound that dissociates fully in water to yield both sodium (Na+) and hydroxide (OHтИТ) ions.
Remember that all strong bases (e.g., KOH,NaOH) completely dissociate in water, whereas weak bases (e.g., NH4тАЛOH) undergo partial dissociation.
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