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Which of the following were found as dominant traits by Mendel in his experiment with pea plants?
Tall plant and round seed
Short plant and round seed
Short plant and wrinkled seed
Tall plant and wrinkled seed
Tall plant and round seed
Gregor Mendel, the father of genetics, identified seven pairs of contrasting traits in pea plants (Pisum sativum). In his experiments, he found that 'Tall' plants and 'Round' seeds are dominant traits, which appear in the F1тАЛ generation when true-breeding parents with contrasting traits are crossed.
Gregor Mendel, the father of genetics, identified seven pairs of contrasting traits in pea plants (Pisum sativum). In his experiments, he found that 'Tall' plants and 'Round' seeds are dominant traits, which appear in the F1тАЛ generation when true-breeding parents with contrasting traits are crossed.
Think of it like a loud speaker in a room: the dominant trait (loud speaker) 'drowns out' the recessive trait (whisper), so you only hear the loud speaker even if the whisper is present in the room.
Mendel's Dominant Traits: T-R-V-Y-G-I-A (Tall, Round, Violet flowers, Yellow seeds, Green pods, Inflated pods, Axial flowers).
F1тАЛ Genotype: Tt┬аRr (for monohybrid/dihybrid tall and round expression)
Dominant vs Recessive: T>t and R>r
Mendel's Law of Dominance states that in a heterozygote, one allele (dominant) will mask the expression of the other (recessive) in the phenotype. For the traits listed, the tall height allele (T) is dominant over the short/dwarf allele (t), and the round seed shape allele (R) is dominant over the wrinkled seed shape allele (r).
Height: Tall is dominant, Dwarf/Short is recessive.
Seed Shape: Round is dominant, Wrinkled is recessive.
The F1тАЛ generation offspring show only the dominant phenotypes.
Mendel performed these experiments on Pisum sativum.
Predictable inheritance patterns.
Foundation for modern genetics.
Selective breeding in agriculture.
Genetic disorder screening in humans.
Mendel chose pea plants because they are easy to grow, have short life cycles, and exhibit clear contrasting traits.
Option B, C, and D are incorrect because short plant height and wrinkled seeds are recessive traits, not dominant.
A is correct тАФ Tall plant height and round seed shape were identified by Mendel as dominant traits in his pea plant experiments.
Always remember that in Mendel's experiments, dominant traits are the ones that express themselves in the F1тАЛ generation (e.g., Tall, Round, Yellow, Violet).
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