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Which of the following statements is true about the free fall of an object under gravitational force?
The acceleration experienced by an object is independent of its mass.
The acceleration experienced by an object is opposite to the direction of motion.
The acceleration experienced by an object depends on its mass.
The velocity of the object remains constant during free fall.
The acceleration experienced by an object is independent of its mass.
In a state of free fall under the influence of gravity (ignoring air resistance), all objects accelerate toward the center of the Earth at the same constant rate, known as the acceleration due to gravity, denoted by g. This acceleration is independent of the mass, shape, or size of the object.
In a state of free fall under the influence of gravity (ignoring air resistance), all objects accelerate toward the center of the Earth at the same constant rate, known as the acceleration due to gravity, denoted by g. This acceleration is independent of the mass, shape, or size of the object.
If you drop a feather and a bowling ball in a vacuum chamber, they will hit the ground at the exact same time because gravity pulls them with the same acceleration, despite the huge difference in their mass.
F=mg тАФ Force due to gravity acting on mass m
a=g=R2GMтАЛ тАФ Acceleration due to gravity
According to Newton's second law, F=ma. The gravitational force exerted on an object is F=R2GMmтАЛ, where M is the Earth's mass and m is the object's mass. Equating these, ma=R2GMmтАЛ, the mass m cancels out, resulting in a=R2GMтАЛ=g. Thus, the acceleration gтЙИ9.8m/s2 depends only on the gravitational constant and the Earth's properties, not the falling object.
Acceleration due to gravity is approximately 9.8m/s2 near Earth's surface.
Free fall assumes the absence of air resistance (vacuum condition).
Mass does not influence the rate of descent in a vacuum.
Simplifies physical calculations by treating all objects equally in vacuum.
Real-world scenarios involve air resistance, causing lighter or less dense objects to fall slower.
Determining the height of buildings using stopwatches.
Designing spacecraft trajectories and landing modules.
The value of g varies slightly with altitude and latitude on Earth.
Option B is incorrect because acceleration acts in the direction of gravity (downwards), not opposite to motion.
Option C is incorrect because acceleration is independent of mass (m cancels out).
Option D is incorrect because velocity increases continuously at a rate of g per second, it is not constant.
A is correct тАФ The acceleration experienced by an object is independent of its mass.
Remember that in kinematics, 'free fall' equations (v=u+gt, h=ut+1/2gt2) always treat g as a constant, confirming it is independent of the body's mass.
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