What is the full form of CNG and LPG, respectively?

Question

Examoogle · Accepted Answer

The correct answer is Option B: Compressed Natural Gas and Liquefied Petroleum Gas. CNG stands for Compressed Natural Gas, which is primarily composed of methane ($CH_4$). LPG stands for Liquefied Petroleum Gas, which is a mixture of flammable hydrocarbon gases, primarily propane ($C_3H_8$) and butane ($C_4H_{10}$), liquefied under pressure.

Step-by-Step Solution & Concepts:
CNG stands for Compressed Natural Gas, which is primarily composed of methane ($CH_4$). LPG stands for Liquefied Petroleum Gas, which is a mixture of flammable hydrocarbon gases, primarily propane ($C_3H_8$) and butane ($C_4H_{10}$), liquefied under pressure.

Working Principle: CNG is stored in cylinders at high pressure (up to 200-250 bar) to allow for a significant volume of gas to be held in a small space. LPG is stored in liquid form by applying moderate pressure, which makes it easier and more compact to store and transport for household or industrial use.

Key Formulas: $CH_4$ — Chemical formula for the primary component of CNG (Methane); $C_3H_8$ and $C_4H_{10}$ — Chemical formulas for primary components of LPG (Propane and Butane)

Key Points: CNG is a cleaner fuel compared to petrol and diesel, commonly used in public transport vehicles.; LPG is widely used as a fuel for cooking and heating due to its ease of storage in pressurized cylinders.; Both are considered fossil fuel alternatives, but they have different chemical compositions and storage requirements.; CNG remains in a gaseous state even when compressed, whereas LPG changes into a liquid state under pressure.

Advantages: CNG: Lower carbon emissions, cheaper per unit of energy.; LPG: High energy density, portable, burns cleaner than coal or wood.

Disadvantages: CNG: Limited infrastructure for refueling and bulky storage tanks.; LPG: Highly flammable and storage tanks require careful safety handling.

Applications: CNG: Automobiles and public transport buses (fuel).; LPG: Domestic cooking, industrial heating, and forklift fuel.

Additional Info: CNG is lighter than air, meaning it dissipates quickly in case of a leak, making it safer than LPG, which is heavier than air and can accumulate near the floor.. Option B is the only correct answer; others incorrectly swap words or use wrong terminology like 'Neutral' or 'Pressured'.

Answer: B is correct — CNG stands for Compressed Natural Gas and LPG stands for Liquefied Petroleum Gas.

Exam Tip: Always remember that 'Petroleum' in LPG refers to its origin from crude oil refining, whereas 'Natural' in CNG refers to its origin from natural gas wells.

Examoogle · Answer

Option A: Compressed Neutral Gas and Liquefied Pressured Gas

Examoogle · Answer

Option C: Compressed Natural Gas and Liquefied Pressured Gas

Examoogle · Answer

Option D: Compressed Neutral Gas and Liquefied Petroleum Gas

Feature	CNG	LPG
Primary Component	Methane ( $CH_4$ )	Propane & Butane
State at Room Temp	Gaseous	Liquid (under pressure)

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