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The average of two numbers is M. If one number is N, then the other number is:
2M
M−N
2N
2M−N
2M−N
If the average is M, the total sum is 2M. Subtracting the known number N from the total gives the other number: 2M - N.
Average of two numbers = M, One of the numbers = N
Average=2Sum of numbers
If the average is M, the total sum is 2M. Subtracting the known number N from the total gives the other number: 2M - N.
Confusing the total sum with the average; forgetting to multiply the average by 2 before subtracting the given number.
Define the relationship
The average of two numbers x and y is given by the formula 2x+y=M.
2x+y=M
Find the sum
To find the sum of the two numbers, multiply the average by 2.
x+y=2M
Solve for the unknown number
Given one number is N, substitute it into the equation and solve for the other number: N+y=2M, which gives y=2M−N.
y=2M−N
D is correct because if the average of two numbers is M, their total sum is 2M, and subtracting the known number N results in 2M - N.
This concept of total sum being 'Average × Count' is fundamental in all statistics, weighted average problems, and mixture allegations.
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