If an object with a mass of $ 0.1 \text{ kg}$ moves with a uni... | General Science MCQ | Examoogle

General SciencePrevious Year Paper 2024

If an object with a mass of $0.1 \text{ kg}$ moves with a uniform velocity of $2 \text{ ms}^{-1}$ , its kinetic energy is ________.

0.1 joule

0.4 joule

0.05 joule

0.2 joule

Correct Answer

🔬 SC • Science Concept & PrincipleGeneral SciencePrevious Year Paper 2024

Option D

0.2 joule

Quick Summary:

The kinetic energy of an object is defined as the energy it possesses due to its motion. To calculate it, we use the formula $E_k = \frac{1}{2}mv^2$ , where $m$ is the mass and $v$ is the velocity.

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🔬SCScience SolutionConcept & Principle

💡 Explanation

The kinetic energy of an object is defined as the energy it possesses due to its motion. To calculate it, we use the formula $E_k = \frac{1}{2}mv^2$ , where $m$ is the mass and $v$ is the velocity.

💡 Everyday Analogy (Real-World Intuition)

Think of kinetic energy as the 'punch' an object can deliver; a heavier object or one moving faster is much harder to stop once it is in motion.

🔢 Key Formulas

$E_k = \frac{1}{2}mv^2$ — Formula for kinetic energy where $m$ is mass in kg and $v$ is velocity in $m/s$ .

⚙️ Working Principle

Kinetic energy depends directly on the mass of the object and the square of its velocity. As the mass $m = 0.1 \text{ kg}$ and velocity $v = 2 \text{ m/s}$ , substituting these values into the standard formula gives $E_k = \frac{1}{2} \times 0.1 \times (2)^2 = 0.5 \times 0.1 \times 4 = 0.2 \text{ Joules}$ .

📌 Key Points

▸
Kinetic energy is a scalar quantity.
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The SI unit of kinetic energy is the Joule ( $J$ ), where $1 \text{ J} = 1 \text{ kg} \cdot \text{m}^2/\text{s}^2$ .
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Doubling the velocity of an object increases its kinetic energy fourfold.

✅ Advantages

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Provides a simple, direct measurement of motion-related energy.

🛠️ Applications / Uses

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Used in vehicle safety design and collision analysis.
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Fundamental in understanding mechanical power and work-energy theorem.

📄 Additional Information

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The calculation is $0.5 \times 0.1 \times 4 = 0.2$ .
▸
Option A ( $0.1 \text{ J}$ ) corresponds to incorrect arithmetic, possibly ignoring the square of velocity or the factor of $0.5$ .

📊 Diagram / Illustration

✅

D is correct — The kinetic energy is calculated as $0.2 \text{ Joules}$ by applying the kinetic energy formula $E_k = \frac{1}{2}mv^2$ .

Core Concepts Used

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Kinetic Energy Classical Mechanics Energy Calculation

💡 EXAM TIP

Always remember to square the velocity component when calculating kinetic energy; common errors in competitive exams often stem from forgetting the exponent or the $\frac{1}{2}$ multiplier.

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