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Which statement is correct for unsaturated hydrocarbons?
Methane, ethane and butane are unsaturated hydrocarbons.
Alkane, alkenes and alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons.
Alkenes and alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons.
Cyclo pentane and hexane are unsaturated hydrocarbons.
Alkenes and alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons.
Unsaturated hydrocarbons are organic compounds containing at least one carbon-carbon double (alkenes) or triple (alkynes) bond. These bonds make them chemically reactive as they can undergo addition reactions.
Unsaturated hydrocarbons are organic compounds containing at least one carbon-carbon double (alkenes) or triple (alkynes) bond. These bonds make them chemically reactive as they can undergo addition reactions.
Think of a saturated hydrocarbon like a fully packed suitcase that cannot fit anything else, while an unsaturated hydrocarbon is like a suitcase with extra space (the double/triple bond) where you can easily 'add' more items.
Remember 'Saturated = Single, Unsaturated = Un-single (Double/Triple)'.
CnтАЛH2nтАЛ тАФ General formula for alkenes (unsaturated)
CnтАЛH2nтИТ2тАЛ тАФ General formula for alkynes (unsaturated)
Hydrocarbons are classified based on the nature of carbon-carbon bonds. Alkanes, with only single bonds (CтИТC), are saturated. Alkenes, containing at least one double bond (C=C), and alkynes, containing at least one triple bond (CтЙбC), are considered unsaturated because the presence of ╧А bonds allows them to add atoms (like hydrogen or halogens) across the multiple bond, reducing the degree of unsaturation.
Saturated hydrocarbons contain only single covalent bonds.
Unsaturated hydrocarbons are capable of addition reactions.
Alkenes and alkynes are the primary categories of unsaturated hydrocarbons.
Methane, ethane, and butane are saturated alkanes.
High chemical reactivity allows for diverse synthetic applications
Essential precursors for polymers and plastics
Can be more flammable than saturated counterparts
Requires careful handling due to reactivity
Used in the production of polyethylene and polypropylene plastics
Raw materials in the petrochemical industry for making industrial solvents
Cycloalkanes (like cyclopentane) are technically saturated if they contain only single bonds, though they differ from acyclic alkanes.
Option A is incorrect because methane, ethane, and butane are all alkanes (saturated).
Option B is incorrect because it includes alkanes.
Option D is incorrect because hexane is an alkane (saturated).
C is correct тАФ Alkenes and alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons.
Always check the suffix of the name: '-ane' is saturated, '-ene' (double bond) and '-yne' (triple bond) are unsaturated.
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