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In an electric bulb, the electrical energy is converted into ________________ energy.
Sound
Wind
Potential
Light
Light
In an electric bulb, electrical energy is converted into light energy and heat energy. When an electric current passes through the filament (usually made of tungsten), its resistance causes it to heat up, which in turn emits visible light.
In an electric bulb, electrical energy is converted into light energy and heat energy. When an electric current passes through the filament (usually made of tungsten), its resistance causes it to heat up, which in turn emits visible light.
Think of a toaster: just as a toaster wire gets hot to toast bread, a light bulb filament gets so hot that it glows to brighten a room.
H=I2Rt тАФ Joule's law of heating where H is heat energy, I is current, R is resistance, and t is time.
P=VI=I2R тАФ Electric power consumption formula.
The principle used is the heating effect of electric current (Joule heating). As current I flows through a filament with resistance R for time t, electrical energy is transformed into thermal energy, given by H=I2Rt. Once the filament reaches a sufficiently high temperature, it glows and produces thermal radiation in the form of visible light.
The filament is made of tungsten due to its very high melting point (~3422 ┬░C).
Only a small percentage of electrical energy is converted into visible light; most is dissipated as heat.
This is an application of the thermal effect of electric current.
Simple and inexpensive design
Instant illumination
Low efficiency (most energy wasted as heat)
Short filament life compared to LED technology
Incandescent lamps
Industrial heating elements
Light bulbs use inert gases like argon or nitrogen inside to prevent the tungsten filament from oxidizing.
Option D is 'Light' which correctly describes the primary intended energy output of the device.
D is correct тАФ In an electric bulb, electrical energy is converted primarily into light energy (with significant heat loss).
Remember that no energy conversion is 100% efficient; in a bulb, the 'waste' energy is in the form of heat, which is why bulbs feel hot to the touch.
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