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Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding the effects of changes in pressure on the states of matter?
Statement I: Applying pressure and reducing temperature can liquefy gases.
Statement II: Solid carbon dioxide is stored under high pressure.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Neither statement I nor II is correct.
Only statement I is correct.
Only statement II is correct.
Both statements I and II are correct.
Both statements I and II are correct.
Both statements are factually correct. Gases can be liquefied by a combination of high pressure and low temperature (decreasing kinetic energy), and solid carbon dioxide (dry ice) is obtained by cooling and compressing gaseous CO2тАЛ under high pressure, which is how it is stored and kept in its solid phase.
Both statements are factually correct. Gases can be liquefied by a combination of high pressure and low temperature (decreasing kinetic energy), and solid carbon dioxide (dry ice) is obtained by cooling and compressing gaseous CO2тАЛ under high pressure, which is how it is stored and kept in its solid phase.
Think of a gas as a crowded room where people are running wildly; to get them to 'settle down' and hold hands (liquid state), you either force them into a smaller room (increase pressure) or turn off the music so they stop running (decrease temperature).
PтИЭV1тАЛ тАФ Boyle's Law explaining pressure-volume relation
KE=23тАЛkT тАФ Relationship between kinetic energy and temperature
Liquefaction of gases relies on the Kinetic Molecular Theory. By increasing pressure, gas particles are forced closer together, and by reducing temperature, their kinetic energy is decreased, allowing intermolecular forces of attraction to become strong enough to hold the particles in a liquid state. For CO2тАЛ, sublimation occurs at standard atmospheric pressure; therefore, it must be stored under high pressure to exist as a solid at higher temperatures (and it exists as a liquid only above the triple point pressure of 5.1 atm).
Liquefaction occurs when intermolecular forces dominate over kinetic energy.
Dry ice (CO2тАЛ) does not melt at 1 atm but sublimes directly; pressure is needed to keep it solid or liquid.
Critical temperature is the highest temperature at which a gas can be liquefied by pressure alone.
LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) storage in cylinders.
Dry ice used as a powerful refrigerant.
The triple point of CO2тАЛ is at 5.1 atm and -56.4 ┬░C.
If the pressure is below 5.1 atm, CO2тАЛ only exists as a solid or gas (sublimation).
D is correct тАФ Both statements correctly describe the phase behavior of gases and carbon dioxide under pressure.
Remember that 'Dry Ice' sublimes, so it never leaves a liquid residue; this is a common theme in questions regarding phase changes.
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