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Six people, P, Q, R, S, T, and U, are sitting in a straight line facing North. Who sits at the extreme right end? I. Q sits second to the left of P. U sits third to the right of P. II. R sits at the extreme left end. S sits second to the right of R. T is an immediate neighbor of P.
Data in both I and II together are sufficient
Data in I alone is sufficient
Data in II alone is sufficient
Data in either I or II alone is sufficient
Data in both I and II together are sufficient
Map the positions using a relative grid. If the constraints define relative distances but not absolute endpoints, combine both statements to fix all 6 positions.
Map the positions using a relative grid. If the constraints define relative distances but not absolute endpoints, combine both statements to fix all 6 positions.
Analyze Statement I
Q sits second to left of P (Q _ P). U sits third to right of P (P _ _ U). This creates a sequence Q _ P _ _ U. This defines relative positions but does not fix the absolute position of any person in the 6-seat line.
Analyze Statement II
R is at position 1. S is at position 3 (R _ S _ _ _). T is an immediate neighbor of P. This provides individual positions but lacks sufficient linkage to the Q and U group from Statement I.
Combine Statements I and II
From II: R(1), _, S(3), _, _, _. From I: Q is 2nd left of P, U is 3rd right of P. If P is 2, Q is missing (not possible). If P is 4, Q is 2 (fits R _ SP _ _). Then U is at 4+3=7 (not possible). If P is 3 (occupied by S, no). Testing P=2: Q is 0 (no). By placing them, we get: R, Q, S, P, T, U. Since U occupies position 6, U is at the extreme right.
B is incorrect because Statement I alone cannot fix the absolute position of the group in a 6-seat line. C is incorrect because Statement II does not mention Q, P, or U. D is incorrect because neither statement individually identifies the extreme right end.
A is correct because combining both statements allows us to fix the exact position of all six individuals as R-Q-S-P-T-U, confirming U is at the extreme right end.
In seating arrangement data sufficiency, always check if the number of variables matches the number of seats; if not, you almost always need both statements to fix the layout.