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The 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act is known as:
Mini-Constitution
Fundamental Rights Act
State Reorganization Act
Panchayati Raj Act
Mini-Constitution
The 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976 is famously called the Mini-Constitution because of the massive and sweeping changes it introduced to the Indian Constitution. Enacted during the Emergency, it altered various parts of the Constitution, including the Preamble, and introduced fundamental changes to the power of Parliament and the judiciary.
The 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976 is famously called the Mini-Constitution because of the massive and sweeping changes it introduced to the Indian Constitution. Enacted during the Emergency, it altered various parts of the Constitution, including the Preamble, and introduced fundamental changes to the power of Parliament and the judiciary.
Enacted during the Internal Emergency (1975-1977), this amendment is the most comprehensive change to the document since its inception.
It added three new words to the Preamble: Socialist, Secular, and Integrity.
It added Part IV-A, which contains Article 51-A on Fundamental Duties.
It curtailed the power of judicial review and the writ jurisdiction of the Supreme Court and High Courts.
Many provisions of the 42nd Amendment were subsequently modified or repealed by the 44th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1978, which aimed to restore the balance of power.
Option B (Fundamental Rights Act) is incorrect as no such specific act exists by that name; Fundamental Rights are contained in Part III of the Constitution.
Option C (State Reorganization Act) refers to the Act of 1956, which reorganized states based on linguistic lines.
Option D (Panchayati Raj Act) refers to the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992.
A is correct тАФ The 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act is widely known as the Mini-Constitution due to the extensive amendments it made to the original text.
Always contrast the 42nd Amendment (1976) with the 44th Amendment (1978), as UPSC and state PSC exams frequently test how the latter reversed the 'excesses' of the former.
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