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The approximate void ratio in sandy soil is
2
6
8
2
6
The void ratio (e) of a soil mass is defined as the ratio of the volume of voids (VvтАЛ) to the volume of solids (VsтАЛ). For sandy soils, which typically consist of granular particles, the void ratio commonly ranges between 0.4 and 0.9, with 0.6 representing a typical moderately dense state.
The void ratio (e) of a soil mass is defined as the ratio of the volume of voids (VvтАЛ) to the volume of solids (VsтАЛ). For sandy soils, which typically consist of granular particles, the void ratio commonly ranges between 0.4 and 0.9, with 0.6 representing a typical moderately dense state.
e=VsтАЛVvтАЛтАЛ тАФ fundamental definition of void ratio
e=1тИТnnтАЛ тАФ relationship between void ratio (e) and porosity (n)
The void ratio is a function of the packing density of the soil grains. In sandy soils, the spherical or angular nature of particles allows for different degrees of compaction, where denser packing reduces the volume of voids, leading to lower e values. Conversely, loose sands exhibit a higher proportion of void space relative to solids, resulting in higher void ratios.
Void ratio is always expressed as a decimal and can be greater than 1.0 for very loose soils.
Sandy soils are cohesionless, making their void ratio primarily dependent on particle shape, gradation, and compaction effort.
The range of e for sands typically varies from 0.35 (very dense) to 0.90 (very loose).
Provides a direct indication of the relative density of the soil.
Essential parameter for calculating unit weight and permeability.
Void ratio does not indicate the size of the voids.
It is sensitive to sample disturbance in laboratory testing.
Foundation engineering for bearing capacity calculation.
Hydraulic conductivity assessment in permeable sandy aquifers.
A void ratio of 0.6 corresponds to a porosity of approximately 0.375 or 37.5%.
Options A (0.2) and D (1.2) are physically extreme cases; 0.2 is rare for natural sands, and 1.2 is characteristic of very loose silt or organic soils.
B is correct тАФ 0.6 is the representative approximate void ratio for sandy soil in a moderately dense state.
Always remember that e can exceed 1.0, unlike porosity (n), which must always remain less than 1.0.