The current through a resistor is:

Question

Examoogle · Accepted Answer

The correct answer is Option B: inversely proportional to the resistance. According to Ohm's Law, the current flowing through a metallic conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference across its ends and inversely proportional to the resistance of the conductor. As resistance increases, the opposition to the flow of charge increases, resulting in a decrease in current.

Step-by-Step Solution & Concepts:
According to Ohm's Law, the current flowing through a metallic conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference across its ends and inversely proportional to the resistance of the conductor. As resistance increases, the opposition to the flow of charge increases, resulting in a decrease in current.

Working Principle: Ohm's Law states that for a conductor at a constant temperature, $I = \frac{V}{R}$. This indicates that current ($I$) and resistance ($R$) are inversely proportional when the voltage ($V$) is constant. Physically, increasing resistance implies more frequent collisions between charge carriers and the crystal lattice of the material, which slows down the net flow of electrons.

Key Formulas: $I = \frac{V}{R}$ — Ohm's Law where $I$ is current, $V$ is potential difference, and $R$ is resistance

Key Points: Ohm's Law is valid only for metallic conductors at constant temperature.; Resistance is the measure of opposition to the flow of current.; SI unit of current is Ampere (A), voltage is Volt (V), and resistance is Ohm (Ω).

Advantages: Provides a simple mathematical relationship to calculate circuit parameters.

Applications: Circuit design in electronics; Power distribution systems

Additional Info: Option A and C are incorrect because the relationship is not quadratic or square root-based.. Option D is incorrect as it describes the relationship between current and voltage ($I \propto V$), not resistance.

Answer: B is correct — According to Ohm's Law, current is inversely proportional to resistance ($I \propto \frac{1}{R}$) when voltage remains constant.

Exam Tip: Always remember that in physics, proportionality constant matters; only when $V$ is constant can you say $I \propto 1/R$.

Examoogle · Answer

Option A: proportional to the square of the resistance

Examoogle · Answer

Option C: proportional to the square root of the resistance

Examoogle · Answer

Option D: directly proportional to the resistance

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