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The Second Five-Year Plan (1956–61) was strategically designed to accelerate India’s long-term growth by prioritizing which of the following sectors?
Renewable energy expansion
Public health infrastructure
Heavy industries
Village-level artisan development
Heavy industries
The Second Five-Year Plan, also known as the Mahalanobis Plan, shifted the focus from the agriculture-led First Five-Year Plan to rapid industrialization. It emphasized the development of public sector enterprises and heavy industries to build a strong foundation for India's long-term economic self-reliance.
The Second Five-Year Plan, also known as the Mahalanobis Plan, shifted the focus from the agriculture-led First Five-Year Plan to rapid industrialization. It emphasized the development of public sector enterprises and heavy industries to build a strong foundation for India's long-term economic self-reliance.
The Second Five-Year Plan was based on the Mahalanobis Model, named after the Indian statistician Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis, who is known as the father of Indian statistical system.
The plan prioritized import substitution and domestic production of capital goods.
Major steel plants established during this era include Bhilai (in collaboration with the USSR), Durgapur (UK), and Rourkela (West Germany).
The targeted growth rate was 4.5 percent, while the actual growth achieved was approximately 4.27 percent.
The Second Five-Year Plan period (1956-61) coincided with the start of India's formal industrial policy resolution of 1956.
Option A (Renewable energy) was not a priority in the 1950s; this gained momentum only after the 2000s.
Option B (Public health) was not the primary economic driver of this plan, though basic health initiatives were present.
Option D (Village-level development) was the central focus of the First Five-Year Plan, led by the Harrod-Domar Model.
C is correct — The Second Five-Year Plan focused on rapid industrialization through the establishment of heavy and basic industries.
Always contrast the First Five-Year Plan (Agricultural focus) with the Second (Industrial focus) and the Third (Self-reliance), as this progression is frequently tested in UPSC and SSC exams.
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