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The table below shows the data sheet from a levelling book. If the RL at station P is 550.50 m, then which of the following options is INCORRECT? (BS = Back Sight, IS = Intermediate Sight, FS = Fore Sight, RL = Reduced Level, BM = Bench Mark and CP = Change Point) (All figures are in metre.)
Station S is at a lower elevation than Station P.
Station R is at a higher elevation than Station P.
Station R is at a higher elevation than Station T.
Station S is at a lower elevation than Station Q.
Station R is at a higher elevation than Station P.
To determine the elevation of each station, we calculate the Height of Instrument (HI) and the Reduced Level (RL) sequentially. Given RLP=550.50 m, the first HI is 550.50+1.265=551.765 m. Subsequent RLs are calculated as RLn=HI−sight.
To determine the elevation of each station, we calculate the Height of Instrument (HI) and the Reduced Level (RL) sequentially. Given RLP=550.50 m, the first HI is 550.50+1.265=551.765 m. Subsequent RLs are calculated as RLn=HI−sight.
HI=RLprev+BS
RLcurr=HI−Sight
Levelling operations are based on the relation RL=HI−IS/FS and HI=Previous RL+BS. Starting from P: RLQ=551.765−1.415=550.350 m; RLR=551.765−1.715=550.050 m; RLS=551.765−2.165=549.600 m. After changing the station at S, new HIS=549.600+2.330=551.930 m; RLT=551.930−2.930=549.000 m.
RL of P = 550.500 m
RL of Q = 550.350 m
RL of R = 550.050 m
RL of S = 549.600 m
RL of T = 549.000 m
Provides a systematic way to calculate ground elevations.
Accounts for instrument relocation using Change Point (CP) methodology.
Prone to arithmetic errors if signs or sight types are misidentified.
Requires precise field booking for accurate closing errors.
Topographic surveying
Engineering construction projects
Option A: 549.600<550.500 (Correct statement).
Option B: 550.050 is not higher than 550.500 (Incorrect statement).
Option C: 550.050>549.000 (Correct statement).
Option D: 549.600<550.350 (Correct statement).
B is correct — Station R (RL 550.050 m) is lower, not higher, than Station P (RL 550.500 m).
Always verify the 'Change Point' status, as it marks a new instrument setup and a new HI calculation.
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