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What is India’s average annual HDI growth for the period 1990-2019?
42
44
21
58
42
According to the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Human Development Report 2020, India's average annual Human Development Index (HDI) growth rate between 1990 and 2019 was 1.42 percent. This reflects improvements in life expectancy, education, and per capita income over the three-decade period.
According to the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Human Development Report 2020, India's average annual Human Development Index (HDI) growth rate between 1990 and 2019 was 1.42 percent. This reflects improvements in life expectancy, education, and per capita income over the three-decade period.
The Human Development Index (HDI) was developed by economist Mahbub ul Haq and supported by Amartya Sen for the UNDP's first Human Development Report in 1990.
The HDI measures development based on three dimensions: long and healthy life, knowledge, and a decent standard of living.
India was categorized in the Medium Human Development group in the 2020 report with an HDI value of 0.645.
The growth metric highlights the pace of socio-economic progress since the liberalization of the Indian economy in 1991.
The HDI value ranges from 0 to 1, where higher values indicate greater levels of human development.
The 1.42 percentage growth rate is a significant indicator of the progress made in reducing multidimensional poverty and enhancing literacy rates.
Options B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the specific longitudinal data provided by the UNDP for the 1990-2019 timeframe.
A is correct — India recorded an average annual HDI growth rate of 1.42 percent between 1990 and 2019 as per the 2020 UNDP report.
When studying HDI, always correlate the index components with current government flagship schemes like the National Health Mission (Health) and Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan (Education).