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Which gas is evolved when a piece of magnesium ribbon is reacted with dilute sulfuric acid?
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Hydrogen
Sulfur dioxide
Hydrogen
When an active metal like magnesium reacts with a dilute acid such as sulfuric acid, a displacement reaction occurs. In this process, the magnesium metal displaces the hydrogen ions from the acid, resulting in the formation of a metal salt and the evolution of hydrogen gas.
When an active metal like magnesium reacts with a dilute acid such as sulfuric acid, a displacement reaction occurs. In this process, the magnesium metal displaces the hydrogen ions from the acid, resulting in the formation of a metal salt and the evolution of hydrogen gas.
Think of a stronger person (magnesium) entering a dance floor and displacing a weaker person (hydrogen) from their partner (sulfate), leaving the weaker person to leave the scene alone as a gas.
MASH: Metal + Acid тЖТ Salt + Hydrogen.
Mg(s)+H2тАЛSO4тАЛ(aq)тЖТMgSO4тАЛ(aq)+H2тАЛ(g) тАФ Balanced chemical equation for the reaction.
This is a single displacement reaction. Magnesium, being more reactive than hydrogen in the reactivity series, displaces the hydrogen atom from the acid molecule. The magnesium donates two electrons to the hydrogen ions (2H+), reducing them to hydrogen gas (H2тАЛ), while the magnesium itself gets oxidized to form magnesium sulfate (MgSO4тАЛ), which remains dissolved in the solution.
Magnesium is a metal located above hydrogen in the reactivity series.
The evolution of hydrogen gas can be confirmed by the 'pop' sound test when a burning matchstick is brought near it.
This reaction is exothermic in nature.
Used as a standard laboratory method for the preparation of hydrogen gas.
Reaction with concentrated acids can lead to different products depending on the oxidizing nature of the acid.
Laboratory gas preparation.
Industrial metal cleaning processes.
Hydrogen gas is colorless, odorless, and highly flammable.
Option A is incorrect because oxygen is typically evolved in decomposition reactions or electrolysis of water.
Option B is incorrect because carbon dioxide is evolved when acids react with carbonates or bicarbonates.
Option D is incorrect because sulfur dioxide is typically produced when concentrated sulfuric acid acts as an oxidizing agent with certain metals or non-metals.
C is correct тАФ When magnesium reacts with dilute sulfuric acid, it undergoes a displacement reaction that releases hydrogen gas.
Always remember the MASH rule for metal-acid reactions: Metal + Acid тЖТ Salt + Hydrogen. If the metal is less reactive than hydrogen (like copper), this reaction will not occur.