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Which isotope is used in the treatment of goitre?
Iodine-131
Cobalt-60
Uranium-235
Carbon-14
Iodine-131
Iodine-131 is a radioisotope used in the medical treatment of thyroid disorders, including goitre and hyperthyroidism. The thyroid gland naturally accumulates iodine to produce hormones, and it selectively absorbs the radioactive isotope, which then emits beta radiation to destroy overactive thyroid tissue.
Iodine-131 is a radioisotope used in the medical treatment of thyroid disorders, including goitre and hyperthyroidism. The thyroid gland naturally accumulates iodine to produce hormones, and it selectively absorbs the radioactive isotope, which then emits beta radiation to destroy overactive thyroid tissue.
Think of it like a 'smart bomb' that targets only the specific address of the thyroid gland because the gland is 'hungry' for iodine and will naturally pull the treatment inside itself.
I-131: 'I' for Iodine and '131' sounds like 'I-need-one' (as the thyroid needs iodine to function).
53131тАЛIтЖТ54131тАЛXe+eтИТ+╬╜╦ЙeтАЛ+╬│ тАФ The ╬▓тИТ decay process of Iodine-131
The thyroid gland requires iodine for the synthesis of thyroxine. When 131I is ingested, it is concentrated in the thyroid gland via the sodium-iodide symporter. The radioactive decay of 131I emits ╬▓тИТ particles (electrons) and ╬│ rays; the beta radiation delivers a localized dose of energy that damages the DNA of the surrounding hyperactive follicular cells, effectively reducing the size of the gland.
Iodine-131 has a half-life of approximately 8.02 days.
It is both a therapeutic agent and a diagnostic tool (scintigraphy).
It is specifically useful for treating Graves' disease and thyroid cancer.
The treatment is non-invasive compared to surgical thyroidectomy.
Minimally invasive treatment for thyroid hyperactivity.
High specificity for thyroid tissue, minimizing damage to surrounding organs.
Risk of permanent hypothyroidism.
Requires careful radiation safety precautions during treatment.
Treatment of hyperthyroidism
Ablation of residual thyroid tissue after cancer surgery
Cobalt-60 is used in radiotherapy for various cancers but not specifically for goitre.
Uranium-235 is primarily a fuel for nuclear reactors.
Carbon-14 is used for radiocarbon dating of organic materials.
A is correct тАФ Iodine-131 is the radioisotope specifically absorbed by the thyroid gland to treat goitre and hyperthyroidism.
In exams, always distinguish between isotopes used for diagnosis (like Technetium-99m) and those used for therapy (like Iodine-131).