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Which of the following is a non-metal that is liquid at room temperature?
Mercury
Bromine
Iodine
Sulfur
Bromine
Bromine is a chemical element with symbol Br and atomic number 35. It is the only non-metallic element that exists as a volatile, reddish-brown liquid at standard room temperature and pressure.
Bromine is a chemical element with symbol Br and atomic number 35. It is the only non-metallic element that exists as a volatile, reddish-brown liquid at standard room temperature and pressure.
Think of it like a crowd in a hallway: smaller elements (like gas molecules) are like light, fast-moving people who rarely interact, while larger, heavier molecules (like Bromine) act like heavy, sluggish commuters that cluster closer together, forming a liquid.
B-L-N: Bromine is the Liquid Non-metal.
Br2тАЛ тАФ The diatomic molecular form of Bromine
The state of an element is determined by the strength of its intermolecular forces, specifically London dispersion forces in the case of halogens. As we move down Group 17, the molecular size and electron cloud polarizability increase, leading to stronger intermolecular forces. While Fluorine and Chlorine are gases, Bromine molecules (Br2тАЛ) are large enough that their dispersion forces are sufficient to maintain a liquid state at 298K.
Bromine is a halogen located in Group 17 of the periodic table.
It is highly reactive and fumes easily due to its high vapor pressure.
Mercury (Hg) is the only metal that is liquid at room temperature.
Non-metals usually exist as gases or solids under standard conditions.
Useful in flame retardants
Used in water purification and photography
Highly corrosive and toxic to human skin and mucous membranes
Flame retardants
Agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals
Melting point of Bromine is approximately тИТ7.2┬а┬░C.
Option A (Mercury) is a metal, not a non-metal.
Option C (Iodine) is a solid non-metal that sublimes.
Option D (Sulfur) is a solid non-metal at room temperature.
B is correct тАФ Bromine is the only non-metal that exists in a liquid state at room temperature.
Always distinguish between 'Mercury' (the only liquid metal) and 'Bromine' (the only liquid non-metal) as this is a frequently tested 'confusing pair' in competitive science exams.
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