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Chapter 1 of 12 • Page 1 of 248🔒 Protected PDF • Watermarked
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of muscular tissue?
Muscles in limbs are voluntary muscles.
Muscular tissues are composed of muscle fibres.
Cardiac muscles are voluntary muscles.
Voluntary muscles are also called skeletal muscles.
Cardiac muscles are voluntary muscles.
Cardiac muscles are involuntary muscles, meaning they function automatically without conscious control. They are specialized muscles found exclusively in the heart, responsible for rhythmic, continuous contraction required for blood circulation.
Cardiac muscles are involuntary muscles, meaning they function automatically without conscious control. They are specialized muscles found exclusively in the heart, responsible for rhythmic, continuous contraction required for blood circulation.
Think of skeletal muscles like a light switch that you choose to toggle on or off. Cardiac muscles, however, act like an automated thermostat that controls temperature continuously without needing you to press a button.
I-C (Involuntary = Cardiac)
f=T1 — frequency of heart beat where T is the period of one cardiac cycle
Cardiac muscle fibers are involuntary, striated, and branched. They contain intercalated discs that allow for synchronized electrical signal transmission between cells, ensuring the heart beats as a single functional unit (syncytium) rather than individually controlled fibers.
Skeletal muscles are voluntary and attached to bones.
Smooth muscles are involuntary and found in walls of internal organs like blood vessels and the digestive tract.
Cardiac muscles are involuntary, striated, and branched.
Voluntary muscles require conscious effort from the somatic nervous system.
Cardiac muscles possess high mitochondrial density to prevent fatigue throughout a lifespan.
Lack of regeneration capacity means damage to cardiac muscle tissue is often permanent (fibrosis).
Pumping blood through the circulatory system.
Maintaining rhythmic heart rate (Pacemaker activity).
| Feature | Skeletal Muscle | Cardiac Muscle |
|---|---|---|
Control | Voluntary (Skeletal) | Involuntary (Cardiac) |
Cardiac muscles are myogenic, meaning the beat originates within the muscle itself rather than from an external nervous impulse.
Option C is the correct answer because cardiac muscles are strictly involuntary.
C is correct — Cardiac muscles are involuntary, as they function automatically without conscious control.
Always remember the '3-S' classification for muscles: Skeletal (Striated, Voluntary), Smooth (Spindle-shaped, Involuntary), and Cardiac (Striated, Involuntary).