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Which of the following pairs are correctly matched as structural isomers?
Pentane тИТ 2-methylbutane A and B only
Butane тИТ 2-methylpropane B and C only
Benzene тИТ cyclohexene A and C only
A, B and C
Pentane тИТ 2-methylbutane A and B only
Structural isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms in their molecular structure. Pentane (C5H12) and 2-methylbutane (C5H12) are chain isomers, as are butane (C4H10) and 2-methylpropane (C4H10).
Structural isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms in their molecular structure. Pentane (C5H12) and 2-methylbutane (C5H12) are chain isomers, as are butane (C4H10) and 2-methylpropane (C4H10).
This concept falls under General Science (Chemistry), specifically the study of Aliphatic Hydrocarbons which are the fundamental building blocks of organic compounds in the periodic table.
Structural isomerism occurs due to differences in the carbon chain structure.
Isomers share the same molecular formula but exhibit different physical and chemical properties.
Pentane and 2-methylbutane share the formula C5H12; Butane and 2-methylpropane share the formula C4H10.
Pentane is a straight-chain alkane, while 2-methylbutane (isopentane) has a branched structure.
Butane is a straight-chain alkane, while 2-methylpropane (isobutane) is its branched-chain isomer.
Benzene (C6H6) and cyclohexene (C6H10) are not isomers because they have different molecular formulas and degrees of unsaturation.
Option D is the most accurate as both pair A and pair B represent valid structural isomerism.
D is correct тАФ Both pentane/2-methylbutane and butane/2-methylpropane exhibit structural isomerism because they possess identical molecular formulas with different carbon chain arrangements.
In competitive exams, always check the molecular formula first; if formulas differ (as in Benzene and Cyclohexene), they cannot be isomers, regardless of their visual similarity.
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