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Which of the following statements are correct
Flow of unduly heavy current is Ferranti effect
Ferranti effect occurs under unloaded condition of line
Rise in receiving end voltage is Ferranti effect
Both (b) and (c) combined is Ferranti effect
Both (b) and (c) combined is Ferranti effect
The Ferranti effect is a phenomenon in long transmission lines where the receiving-end voltage becomes higher than the sending-end voltage. This effect specifically occurs when the transmission line is operating under light load or no-load conditions.
The Ferranti effect is a phenomenon in long transmission lines where the receiving-end voltage becomes higher than the sending-end voltage. This effect specifically occurs when the transmission line is operating under light load or no-load conditions.
VrтАЛ=VsтАЛтЛЕsec(╬▓l) тАФ Approximate receiving end voltage for a lossless line of length l
IcтАЛ=j╧ЙCVsтАЛ тАФ Charging current responsible for the voltage rise
The effect is caused by the line capacitance, which acts as a source of reactive power. Under light-load conditions, the line charging current flows through the series inductance of the line, creating a voltage drop that results in a voltage rise at the receiving end. This is pronounced in long lines where the shunt capacitance is significant.
It is observed primarily in long overhead transmission lines.
It is negligible in short and medium transmission lines due to lower shunt capacitance.
The effect is more pronounced as the length of the line increases.
Shunt reactors are typically used at the receiving end to mitigate this rise in voltage.
Causes insulation stress due to high voltage at receiving end.
Can lead to damage of equipment connected at the receiving end.
Requires compensation techniques like shunt reactors.
Ferranti effect is directly proportional to the square of the length of the transmission line.
Option A is incorrect because 'unduly heavy current' refers to short-circuit or overload, not Ferranti effect.
D is correct тАФ The Ferranti effect is defined as the rise in receiving-end voltage that occurs specifically when a long transmission line is operating under light or no-load conditions.
Always remember that Ferranti effect is a feature of long lines (typically > 200km) and is inversely related to the loadтАФthe lighter the load, the higher the Ferranti effect.