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Which of the following statements is true about the physical properties of compounds in a homologous series?
They have identical melting and boiling points.
Their boiling points decrease as the number of carbon atoms increase.
They have a regular change in melting and boiling points.
Their physical properties do not change.
They have a regular change in melting and boiling points.
Remember that in a homologous series, properties depend on the molecular mass (chain length), causing a predictable, gradual shift rather than static behavior.
Remember that in a homologous series, properties depend on the molecular mass (chain length), causing a predictable, gradual shift rather than static behavior.
Define Homologous Series
A homologous series is a group of organic compounds having the same functional group and similar chemical properties, with successive members differing by a -CH2- unit.
Analyze Physical Properties
As the number of carbon atoms increases in the chain, molecular weight increases, which leads to stronger intermolecular forces (like Van der Waals forces), resulting in a systematic, gradual increase in boiling and melting points.
Evaluate Options
Since physical properties are dependent on molecular mass and chain size, they cannot be identical (A), they do not stay constant (D), and they follow a progressive trend rather than a decrease (B). Thus, 'regular change' (C) is correct.
A: Melting/boiling points vary with carbon count. B: Boiling points increase, not decrease, as chain length grows. D: Physical properties like density and phase change noticeably across the series.
C is correct because physical properties in a homologous series exhibit a consistent, regular trend due to the gradual increase in molecular mass as the carbon chain length increases.
Always distinguish between 'Chemical Properties' (which remain identical due to the same functional group) and 'Physical Properties' (which change gradually due to mass differences) in homologous series questions.
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