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Which of the following statements is true for a mixture but not for a compound?
It has a fixed melting point
The composition of its components is always constant
Its properties are the same as those of its constituents
It can only be separated by chemical means
Its properties are the same as those of its constituents
A mixture is a physical combination of two or more substances where each component retains its individual chemical properties. In contrast, a compound is formed through a chemical reaction, resulting in a new substance with properties entirely distinct from its constituent elements.
A mixture is a physical combination of two or more substances where each component retains its individual chemical properties. In contrast, a compound is formed through a chemical reaction, resulting in a new substance with properties entirely distinct from its constituent elements.
A fruit salad is a mixture because you can still taste the individual fruits (apple, grapes, banana). Water (H2тАЛO) is a compound because it is a liquid with properties completely different from the flammable hydrogen gas and supportive-of-combustion oxygen gas from which it is made.
MIX: M-aintain I-ndividual X-characteristics.
In a mixture, particles are combined physically without forming new chemical bonds, allowing physical separation methods like filtration or evaporation. In a compound, atoms are held together by chemical bonds (ionic, covalent, or metallic), creating a new entity with unique physical constants such as specific melting and boiling points.
Mixtures can be homogeneous (uniform) or heterogeneous (non-uniform).
Compounds have a fixed chemical formula and definite mass ratio of elements.
Components in a mixture can be separated by physical means.
Formation of a compound is accompanied by energy changes (exothermic or endothermic).
Mixtures allow for the customization of properties by adjusting component ratios.
Compounds provide stable, predictable substances for industrial chemical synthesis.
Mixtures do not have fixed chemical formulas, making their analysis variable.
Compounds cannot be separated into their constituent elements by simple physical methods.
Air is a mixture of gases used in respiratory processes.
Common salt (Na┬аCl) is a compound essential for biological homeostasis.
| Feature | Mixture | Compound |
|---|---|---|
Property retention | Retains original properties | Shows new properties |
Separation | Physical methods | Chemical methods |
Option A is incorrect because compounds have fixed melting points; mixtures usually have a melting range.
Option B is incorrect because compounds follow the Law of Definite Proportions (m1тАЛ:m2тАЛ=extconstant), whereas mixture composition can vary.
Option D is incorrect because compounds require chemical reactions for separation, whereas mixtures require only physical separation.
C is correct тАФ In a mixture, the constituents retain their original chemical identities and properties, whereas compounds create entirely new substances.
Always remember: Mixtures = Physical mixing (properties retained); Compounds = Chemical bonding (properties transformed).