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Which of the following types of fibre is classified as a synthetic fibre?
Steel fibre
Jute fibre
Polyester fibre
Basalt fibre
Polyester fibre
Polyester is a synthetic fibre because it is manufactured through chemical polymerization processes, typically from petroleum-based raw materials. Unlike natural fibres obtained from plants (like jute) or animals, synthetic fibres are engineered to possess specific durability and moisture-wicking properties.
Polyester is a synthetic fibre because it is manufactured through chemical polymerization processes, typically from petroleum-based raw materials. Unlike natural fibres obtained from plants (like jute) or animals, synthetic fibres are engineered to possess specific durability and moisture-wicking properties.
Think of natural fibres as cooking a meal from scratch using farm-grown vegetables, whereas synthetic fibres are like creating a complex plastic toy from refined chemical pellets in a factory.
Nylon, Polyester, Acrylic are 'Synthetic Superstars'тАФman-made polymers.
n(C6тАЛH4тАЛ(COOH)2тАЛ)+n(HOCH2тАЛCH2тАЛOH)тЖТ[C10тАЛH8тАЛO4тАЛ]nтАЛ+2nH2тАЛO тАФ Polymerization reaction for PET
The synthesis of polyester, such as Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), occurs through a polycondensation reaction between a dicarboxylic acid (like terephthalic acid) and a diol (like ethylene glycol). This process links monomer units into long-chain polymer structures that are extruded as filaments through a spinneret.
Synthetic fibres are polymers made of repeating monomer units.
Polyester is valued for its high tensile strength and resistance to wrinkling.
Jute is a natural cellulose-based fibre obtained from plant stems.
Steel and basalt fibres are inorganic/mineral fibres, not synthetic organic polymers.
High durability and wear resistance
Wrinkle resistant and easy to wash
Low moisture absorption leading to quick drying
Low breathability compared to cotton
Non-biodegradable and causes microplastic pollution
Clothing and upholstery
Industrial conveyor belts and ropes
Polyester was first synthesized in 1941 by British chemists Whinfield and Dickson.
Option A (Steel fibre) is a metallic fibre; Option B (Jute) is a natural plant fibre; Option D (Basalt fibre) is an inorganic mineral fibre.
C is correct тАФ Polyester fibre is a synthetic polymer created through chemical industrial processes.
In exams, remember that synthetic fibres are almost always derived from petrochemicals, whereas natural fibres come from biological sources.
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