Which work is carried out under watershed treatment?

Question

Examoogle · Accepted Answer

Option C: both a & b

Explanation & Concepts:
Watershed treatment involves a holistic approach to managing land and water resources within a defined hydrological unit. It encompasses both vegetative measures (to reduce soil erosion) and engineering structures (to regulate runoff and recharge groundwater).

Working Principle: The principle relies on 'ridge-to-valley' treatment. Engineering structures like check dams serve to reduce the velocity of runoff, trap sediments, and enhance the percolation of water into the subsurface layers, thereby increasing the water table level and controlling erosion.

Key Formulas: $Q = C \cdot i \cdot A$ — Rational method for estimating peak runoff ($Q$) for watershed design, where $C$ is runoff coefficient, $i$ is intensity, and $A$ is area.; $S = \frac{1}{V_{velocity}}$ — Relationship where engineering structures aim to reduce runoff velocity to minimize soil displacement.

Key Points: Watershed management aims to optimize the use of natural resources within a drainage basin.; Engineering interventions include check dams, gabion structures, and farm ponds.; Vegetative measures include afforestation, contour trenching, and mulching.; The primary goal is the conservation of water and soil to support sustainable agriculture.

Advantages: Increases groundwater recharge significantly.; Prevents topsoil erosion during monsoon seasons.; Provides sustainable water supply for irrigation.

Disadvantages: Requires high initial capital investment.; Demands periodic desilting and maintenance of check dams.

Applications: Rainwater harvesting in semi-arid regions.; Soil conservation in hilly catchment areas.; Flood peak attenuation for small streams.

Additional Info: A check dam is a small, temporary or permanent dam constructed across a swale, drainage ditch, or waterway to counteract erosion.. Treatment of engineering structures refers to the structural stabilization of the basin to prevent channel scouring.

Answer: C is correct — Watershed treatment encompasses both structural engineering interventions like check dams and overall site stabilization to manage runoff effectively.

Exam Tip: Always remember that watershed management combines civil engineering (structures) with biological/agronomic practices (afforestation) for total basin health.

Examoogle · Answer

Option A: treatment of engineering structures

Examoogle · Answer

Option B: construction of check dam

Examoogle · Answer

Option D: none of the above

Correct Answer

Discussion (0)

Correct Answer

Related Questions

Discussion (0)