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In this question, a question is followed by two statements numbered (I) and (II). You have to decide whether the data provided in the statements are sufficient to answer the question. Read both the statements and decide the appropriate answer.
Question:
Five people A, B, C, D and E are sitting in a straight row, facing north. Who sits second to the right of A?
Consider the following statements:
(I) The number of people sitting to the right of A is equal to the number of people sitting to the left of A. One person sits between A and B. D sits to the immediate left of B.
(II) E sits at the extreme left end of the row. Only one person sits between E and A. B sits to the immediate right of D.
Data in statements I and II together are sufficient to answer the question.
Data in Statement I alone is sufficient to answer the question while data in statement II is not.
Data in Statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question while data in statement I is not.
Data in either statement I alone or statement II alone are sufficient to answer the question.
Data in either statement I alone or statement II alone are sufficient to answer the question.
In row problems, once a fixed anchor like an extreme end or a middle position is established, test the constraints immediately to see if the row is fully defined.
In row problems, once a fixed anchor like an extreme end or a middle position is established, test the constraints immediately to see if the row is fully defined.
Analysis of Statement I
Since there are 5 people, the person with an equal number on left and right must be in the middle (3rd position). Thus, A is 3rd. One person between A and B means B is 1st or 5th. D is immediate left of B. If B is 1st, D cannot exist. If B is 5th, D is 4th. Remaining are C and E at 1st and 2nd. Thus, the arrangement is fixed (e.g., C/E, E/C, A, D, B), identifying the 5th position as second to the right of A.
Analysis of Statement II
E is at position 1. One person between E and A means A is at position 3. B is immediate right of D. The remaining spots are 2, 4, 5. Since B and D are adjacent, they must be at (4, 5). This leaves position 2 for C. The arrangement is E, C, A, D, B. D is second to the right of A.
A: Incorrect because both statements are independently sufficient, not just collectively. B: Incorrect because Statement II alone is also sufficient. C: Incorrect because Statement I alone is also sufficient.
D is correct because both Statement I and Statement II independently provide enough information to fix the positions of all five individuals and determine who sits second to the right of A.
For data sufficiency questions, if you find the first statement gives a unique answer, stop and check the second one; if both work, select the option for 'either'.
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