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Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements. Statements: Some bowls are spoons. All spoons are plates. Conclusion 1: Some spoons are bowls. Conclusion 2: Some bowls are plates.
None of the conclusions follow
Only conclusion (1) follows
Only conclusion (2) follows
Both conclusions (1) and (2) follow
Both conclusions (1) and (2) follow
For 'Some A are B', the reverse 'Some B are A' is always true; for 'All A are B', 'Some A are B' and 'Some B are A' are both true.
For 'Some A are B', the reverse 'Some B are A' is always true; for 'All A are B', 'Some A are B' and 'Some B are A' are both true.
Analyze Statement 1
Statement: Some bowls are spoons. By the rule of conversion, if some B are S, then some S are B must be true. This confirms Conclusion 1.
Analyze Statement 2
Statement: All spoons are plates. This means the set of spoons is entirely contained within the set of plates. Since some bowls are spoons, those specific bowls must also be plates. This confirms Conclusion 2.
A is incorrect because both conclusions are logically valid; B is incorrect because Conclusion 2 is also true; C is incorrect because Conclusion 1 is also true.
D is correct because both conclusions are direct logical consequences derived from the provided statements using standard syllogistic conversion and subset rules.
Remember the golden rule: In 'All A are B', if there is a subset C that is A, then C is definitely B, which helps in solving complex multi-statement syllogisms quickly.
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