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Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts and decide which conclusion(s) logically follow(s) from the given statements. Statements: No car is a bus. No bus is a plane. Conclusions: (I) No bus is a car. (II) No car is a plane.
Only conclusion I follows
Both conclusions I and II follow
Neither conclusion I nor II follows
Only conclusion II follows
Only conclusion I follows
Apply basic syllogism conversion rules: 'No A is B' implies 'No B is A'. Since both statements represent negative relationships, they do not bridge to establish a link between car and plane.
Apply basic syllogism conversion rules: 'No A is B' implies 'No B is A'. Since both statements represent negative relationships, they do not bridge to establish a link between car and plane.
Analyze Statement 1
No car is a bus. In syllogism, 'No A is B' is equivalent to 'No B is A'. Thus, 'No bus is a car' is directly true.
Analyze Statement 2
No bus is a plane. This establishes a gap between bus and plane. However, it provides no information about the relationship between 'car' and 'plane'.
Evaluate Conclusion II
Since there is no information linking 'car' and 'plane', we cannot define their relationship. It could be possible for a car to be a plane (if not restricted) or not. Thus, it does not logically follow.
B: Incorrect, both do not follow. C: Incorrect, both do not follow. D: Incorrect, since Conclusion I is logically valid, 'Neither' cannot be the answer.
A is correct because Conclusion I is a direct conversion of the first statement, whereas Conclusion II cannot be logically deduced from the provided statements.
In syllogisms with all negative statements, always look for direct conversions first. If the conclusion links two subjects that aren't mentioned in the same statement, the conclusion is usually 'cannot be determined'.
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