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Which of the following pigments is present in the red blood corpuscles of human beings?
Xanthophyll
Chlorophyll
Haemoglobin
Melanin
Haemoglobin
Haemoglobin is the respiratory pigment present in the red blood cells (erythrocytes) of human beings. It is a metalloprotein containing iron that is responsible for transporting oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues and returning carbon dioxide.
Haemoglobin is the respiratory pigment present in the red blood cells (erythrocytes) of human beings. It is a metalloprotein containing iron that is responsible for transporting oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues and returning carbon dioxide.
Think of haemoglobin as a 'delivery truck' that picks up oxygen 'cargo' in the lungs and drops it off at cells throughout the body while picking up waste carbon dioxide on the return trip.
Remember 'Heme = Iron' and 'Globin = Protein' тАФ together they form the red pigment that carries gas.
Hb+4O2тАЛтЗМHb(O2тАЛ)4тАЛ тАФ Representation of haemoglobin oxygenation in lungs.
Haemoglobin binds with oxygen to form oxyhaemoglobin (HbO2тАЛ) in the lungs where the oxygen concentration is high. In tissues, due to lower oxygen partial pressure and higher CO2тАЛ concentration, it releases oxygen and facilitates the transport of CO2тАЛ back to the lungs. This reversible binding is primarily driven by the iron (Fe2+) atom located in the heme group at the center of the protein structure.
Haemoglobin provides the characteristic red color to blood.
Each haemoglobin molecule can bind up to four molecules of oxygen.
It is a conjugated protein consisting of a globin chain and a non-protein heme group.
Deficiency of haemoglobin leads to a medical condition known as anaemia.
Efficient oxygen transport allowing for high metabolic rates in humans.
Susceptible to competitive binding by carbon monoxide (CO), which forms a more stable complex than O2тАЛ.
Used in medical diagnostic tests (e.g., CBC) to assess blood health.
Critical factor in cellular respiration processes.
Normal haemoglobin levels for adult males are approximately 13.5 to 17.5 g/dL and for females 12.0 to 15.5 g/dL.
Xanthophyll is a yellow pigment found in plants (carotenoid).
Chlorophyll is the green pigment in plants used for photosynthesis.
Melanin is the pigment responsible for skin, hair, and eye color in humans.
C is correct тАФ Haemoglobin is the iron-containing oxygen-transport protein found in red blood cells.
Always distinguish between plant pigments (Chlorophyll, Xanthophyll) and animal/human respiratory pigments (Haemoglobin, Haemocyanin) for biology exams.
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