"The mass of an ion liberated at an electrode is directly proportional to the quantity of
electricit

Question

"The mass of an ion liberated at an electrode is directly proportional to the quantity of
electricity".The above statement is associated with

Examoogle · Accepted Answer

Faraday's law of electrolysis Explanation: The statement describes Faraday's First Law of Electrolysis, which states that the mass of a substance liberated or deposited at an electrode during electrolysis is directly proportional to the total quantity of electricity (charge) passed through the electrolyte. This fundamental principle forms the basis for quantitative electrochemical analysis. Working Principle: During electrolysis, electrical energy is converted into chemical energy as ions in the solution migrate to oppositely charged electrodes. As current $I$ flows for a time $t$, the total charge $Q = It$ determines the number of electrons transferred, which directly dictates the stoichiometric amount of substance undergoing redox reactions at the electrode surfaces. Key Formulas: $m = ZIt$; $Q = It$ Key Points: The constant of proportionality '$Z$' is known as the Electrochemical Equivalent (ECE).; One Faraday (approximately 96500 Coulombs) is the charge required to liberate one gram equivalent of a substance.; The law applies to both liquid electrolytes and molten salts.; It is a cornerstone principle in electroplating and metal refining industries. Advantages: Allows for precise calculation of deposited mass; Foundation for industrial metal plating processes; Enables accurate electrolytic refining of metals Disadvantages: Requires pure electrolytes for ideal results; Energy losses occur due to internal resistance of the cell; Side reactions can reduce current efficiency Applications: Electroplating (gold, silver, chrome plating); Electro-refining of copper and aluminum; Production of chemicals like caustic soda Additional Info: Michael Faraday formulated these laws in 1834.. Option B is incorrect because Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction relates to changing magnetic fields and induced EMF, not electrolytic mass deposition.. Option A (Newton's laws) relates to mechanics and motion.. Option D (Gauss's law) relates to electric flux and charge distribution. Answer: C is correct — The statement defines Faraday's First Law of Electrolysis, where the deposited mass $m$ is proportional to the total charge $Q$. Exam Tip: Remember that while Faraday has two major laws named after him, 'Electrolysis' deals with mass deposition ($m=ZIt$) and 'Electromagnetic Induction' deals with induced voltages ($e = -N \frac{d\Phi}{dt}$).

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