"The mass of an ion liberated at an electrode is directly proportional to the quantity of electricity".The abo

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"The mass of an ion liberated at an electrode is directly proportional to the quantity of electricity".The above statement is associated with

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Option C: Faraday's law of electrolysis

Explanation & Concepts:
Faraday's First Law of Electrolysis states that the mass of a substance deposited or liberated at an electrode is directly proportional to the quantity of electricity (charge) passed through the electrolyte. This is mathematically expressed as $m = ZQ$, where $Q = It$.

Working Principle: During electrolysis, electrical energy is converted into chemical energy as ions in the solution migrate to oppositely charged electrodes. The quantity of charge ($Q$) passed determines the number of electrons involved in the reduction or oxidation reaction, thereby determining the stoichiometric amount of substance liberated according to the valence of the ion.

Key Formulas: $m = ZIt$; $Q = It$

Key Points: The law applies to both liquid electrolytes and molten salts.; The constant $Z$ is known as the electrochemical equivalent (ECE).; Current is measured in Amperes and time in seconds to calculate charge in Coulombs.; The law assumes that the electrolyte remains conductive and ions are available to move.

Advantages: Allows precise calculation of metal deposition for electroplating.; Provides a fundamental basis for electrochemical cell design.

Disadvantages: Assumes constant current flow which may vary in real-world scenarios.; Does not account for side reactions occurring at the electrodes.

Applications: Electroplating and metal refining; Electrotyping and anodizing; Electrometallurgy

Additional Info: Faraday's Second Law relates the masses liberated by the same quantity of electricity to their equivalent weights.. Option A is related to classical mechanics; Option B is related to induction; Option D relates electric flux to charge enclosed.

Answer: C is correct — The statement defines Faraday's First Law of Electrolysis, which establishes the quantitative relationship between charge and chemical change.

Exam Tip: Always distinguish between Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction ($e = -N \frac{d\Phi}{dt}$) and Faraday's Laws of Electrolysis ($m = ZIt$). They are separate physical principles.

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Option A: Newton's law

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Option B: Faraday's law of electromagnetic

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Option D: Gauss's law

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