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The values of duty cycle (╬▒) lies between.
0<╬▒<1
0>╬▒>тИТ1
0тЙд╬▒тЙд1
1<╬▒<100
0тЙд╬▒тЙд1
The duty cycle (╬▒) of a chopper represents the ratio of the 'ON' time to the total time period of a pulse width modulation signal. Since the switch cannot be 'ON' for more than the total period or 'OFF' for less than zero time, the range is mathematically bounded between 0 and 1 inclusive.
The duty cycle (╬▒) of a chopper represents the ratio of the 'ON' time to the total time period of a pulse width modulation signal. Since the switch cannot be 'ON' for more than the total period or 'OFF' for less than zero time, the range is mathematically bounded between 0 and 1 inclusive.
╬▒=TTONтАЛтАЛ тАФ Definition of Duty Cycle
VoтАЛ=╬▒VsтАЛ тАФ Average output voltage of a step-down chopper
In a DC-to-DC converter (chopper), the duty cycle is defined as ╬▒=TTONтАЛтАЛ, where TONтАЛ is the conduction time and T is the total period (TONтАЛ+TOFFтАЛ). If ╬▒=0, the switch is always OFF (output is 0V), and if ╬▒=1, the switch is always ON (output is VsourceтАЛ).
Duty cycle is a dimensionless quantity ranging from 0 to 1.
A value of ╬▒=0 corresponds to 0% duty cycle.
A value of ╬▒=1 corresponds to 100% duty cycle.
In practice, extreme values of 0 and 1 may be limited by switching frequency and circuit losses.
Allows for precise control of average output voltage.
High efficiency as the switch operates in fully ON or OFF states.
Requires high-frequency switching which can cause EMI issues.
Non-linearities at very low or very high duty cycles.
DC Motor speed control.
Switch-mode power supplies (SMPS).
Battery chargers.
Option B is incorrect because duty cycle cannot be negative.
Option D is incorrect as values exceeding 1 imply a duty cycle greater than 100%, which is physically impossible for a single switch period.
C is correct тАФ The duty cycle represents the proportion of the period the switch is closed, physically constrained to the range 0тЙд╬▒тЙд1.
Always verify if the question asks for percentage duty cycle (0-100%) or decimal duty cycle (0-1); in most technical exams, the decimal range is implied unless specified otherwise.