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Which of the following factors contribute(s) to reducing soil pollution? I: Treating the water courses (drainage line treatment) II: Gabion structure III: Use of microbial pesticides
All of I, II and III
Only I
Only I and III
Only I and II
All of I, II and III
Soil pollution is mitigated by controlling sediment runoff, reducing structural erosion, and minimizing chemical toxicity. Treating drainage lines, using structural stabilization like gabions, and deploying biological control agents (microbial pesticides) all contribute to preserving soil health and preventing the infiltration of pollutants.
IS 10795:1984 (Guidelines for Soil Conservation)
Soil pollution is mitigated by controlling sediment runoff, reducing structural erosion, and minimizing chemical toxicity. Treating drainage lines, using structural stabilization like gabions, and deploying biological control agents (microbial pesticides) all contribute to preserving soil health and preventing the infiltration of pollutants.
E=KтЛЕLтЛЕSтЛЕCтЛЕP тАФ The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE), representing annual soil loss where K is soil erodibility and P is the support practice factor.
Drainage line treatment prevents soil erosion and the accumulation of contaminated sediments in low-lying areas. Gabion structures (rockтИТfilledcages) reduce flow velocity, promoting sediment deposition and preventing slope failure. Microbial pesticides (e.g., Bacillusthuringiensis) use biological agents to target pests without leaving persistent synthetic chemical residues that degrade soil quality.
Drainage line treatment reduces the velocity of runoff, preventing the leaching of topsoil into water bodies.
Gabion structures are flexible, permeable, and allow for natural drainage, reducing hydrostatic pressure behind the wall.
Microbial pesticides are biodegradable and target-specific, unlike conventional organochlorine or organophosphate pesticides.
Reduces chemical contamination of soil ecosystems.
Prevents physical degradation and loss of fertile topsoil.
Promotes biodiversity through eco-friendly pest management.
Microbial pesticides may have slower action compared to chemical variants.
Gabion installations require periodic inspection to ensure structural integrity.
Agricultural land management.
Watershed development projects.
Slope stabilization in mining and construction areas.
The integration of physical (gabions), hydrological (drainage), and biological (microbial) methods constitutes a holistic approach to soil conservation.
Option B, C, and D are incorrect because they exclude essential components that independently or synergistically act to prevent soil contamination and degradation.
A is correct тАФ All listed methods (drainage treatment, gabion structures, and microbial pesticides) are established techniques for preventing soil pollution and ensuring soil conservation.
When encountering environmental questions, prioritize options that represent integrated approaches (physical + biological) over single-sector solutions.
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