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In this question, two statements, I and II, have been given. These statements may be independent causes, or effects of independent causes or a common cause. One of the statements may be the effect of the other statement. Read both the statements and select the correct answer. I. Martial arts like karate emphasize discipline and self-control, teaching practitioners to harness their strength for both defence and personal growth. II. Karate is being made compulsory in every school.
II is the cause and I is its possible effect.
Both I and II are effects of independent causes.
I is the cause and II is its possible effect.
Both I and II are independent causes.
I is the cause and II is its possible effect.
Statement I is a general truth (fact/benefit) about a subject, while Statement II describes a specific policy or decision (action). These are not cause-effect; they are independent, as one describes the nature of karate and the other describes a school administrative mandate.
Statement I is a general truth (fact/benefit) about a subject, while Statement II describes a specific policy or decision (action). These are not cause-effect; they are independent, as one describes the nature of karate and the other describes a school administrative mandate.
Analyze Statement I
Statement I defines the characteristics and inherent benefits of martial arts (discipline, self-control). It is a descriptive statement.
Analyze Statement II
Statement II refers to an administrative decision or educational policy mandate. This is a specific action taken by authorities.
Determine Relationship
The nature of martial arts (I) does not force the mandatory implementation in schools (II) on its own; a governing body decides this policy. These are independent events without a direct cause-effect link between them.
A: The statements are not linked by a cause-effect relationship. B: I is not an effect of II; the nature of karate existed before the school mandate. D: Neither causes the other; they are independent facts and policy decisions.
C is correct because Statement I explains the inherent qualities of martial arts, while Statement II describes an administrative policy decision, making them independent facts/causes.
In 'Cause-Effect' reasoning, always distinguish between descriptive facts/generalizations and specific policy actions; the former usually serves as context, while the latter is a deliberate, independent decision.
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