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Chapter 1 of 12 • Page 1 of 248🔒 Protected PDF • Watermarked
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Which of these is an output of a ‘Furnace’?
Air
Flue gases
Water Vapor
All of the above
Flue gases
A furnace in a thermal power plant is a combustion chamber where fuel is burnt to produce heat energy. The gaseous byproduct resulting from this combustion process, which consists of combustion products and excess air, is collectively termed as flue gases.
A furnace in a thermal power plant is a combustion chamber where fuel is burnt to produce heat energy. The gaseous byproduct resulting from this combustion process, which consists of combustion products and excess air, is collectively termed as flue gases.
C+O2→CO2+Heat
Q=m˙CpΔT
The furnace operates by injecting fuel and air (primary and secondary) into the combustion zone. The chemical reaction releases high-temperature heat, converting chemical energy into thermal energy. The residual gaseous mixture, known as flue gases, is then directed towards the superheater and air preheater before being exhausted through the chimney.
Flue gases carry a significant amount of heat energy, which is recovered in the boiler's economizer and air preheater.
Efficient combustion requires an optimal air-fuel ratio to minimize incomplete combustion products like CO.
Flue gases are cleaned by Electrostatic Precipitators (ESP) before exiting the stack.
High energy conversion efficiency
Continuous heat supply for steam generation
Generates harmful emissions requiring treatment
High thermal stress on furnace walls
Thermal Power Plants
Industrial Heating Processes
Metallurgical Furnaces
Air is an input, not an output, of the furnace.
Water vapor is a component of the flue gases resulting from hydrogen combustion, but 'Flue gases' is the collective technical term for the exhaust output.
Option D is incorrect because Air is an input parameter.
B is correct — Flue gases are the gaseous byproduct of the combustion process occurring within a furnace.
Always distinguish between system inputs (Fuel, Air) and system outputs (Ash, Flue gases, Steam) in power cycle analysis.