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Examoogle • User • info@examoogle.com • EE-2024-8821
Chapter 1 of 12 • Page 1 of 248🔒 Protected PDF • Watermarked
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The function of transmission companies are
Building transmission line
Operating transmission system
Maintaining transmission system
All of above
All of above
Quick Summary: Transmission companies, often referred to as Transmission System Operators (TSOs) or Transcos, are responsible for the reliable transport of high-voltage electricity from generation plants to distribution networks. Their function involves a comprehensive lifecycle approach: initial infrastructure development (building), real-time monitoring (operating), and scheduled preventative/corrective servicing (maintaining).
Transmission companies, often referred to as Transmission System Operators (TSOs) or Transcos, are responsible for the reliable transport of high-voltage electricity from generation plants to distribution networks. Their function involves a comprehensive lifecycle approach: initial infrastructure development (building), real-time monitoring (operating), and scheduled preventative/corrective servicing (maintaining).
P=XVsVrsinδ — Power transfer capability across a transmission line, where X is the line reactance and δ is the load angle.
Iloss=I2R — Power losses that must be minimized by the maintenance and operation team through conductor maintenance and voltage regulation.
In a restructured power system, the Transco acts as a neutral party that maintains the 'energy highway'. They ensure the stability of the grid by balancing power flows, managing voltage levels, and providing open access to market participants while strictly adhering to grid codes and safety standards. This requires constant expansion projects, 24/7 load dispatch oversight, and rigorous maintenance of transformers, switchgear, and overhead lines.
Transcos are regulated entities that provide 'non-discriminatory access' to the transmission grid.
They do not buy or sell electricity; they provide a service to move it.
Grid stability relies on their ability to maintain V (Voltage) and f (Frequency) within specified limits.
Capital expenditure (CAPEX) for building lines is often recovered through transmission tariffs.
Ensures grid reliability and security.
Facilitates efficient wholesale power markets.
Allows for large-scale integration of renewable energy sources.
High capital intensive investment required.
Strict regulatory oversight limits pricing freedom.
Long timelines for obtaining Right-of-Way (ROW) for new projects.
National grid management.
Inter-state power transfer.
Bulk supply to distribution utilities.
In India, the Power Grid Corporation of India Limited (PGCIL) acts as the central transmission utility.
Wrong options (A, B, C) are individually correct but incomplete as they only capture one facet of the holistic transmission responsibility.
D is correct — Transmission companies are responsible for the entire lifecycle management of the grid, including asset creation, operational control, and ongoing maintenance.
Always remember that in a deregulated market, transmission is treated as a 'Natural Monopoly' because it is inefficient to have multiple competing transmission lines in the same corridor.